mcm論文格式

　　MCM即大學生數學建模競賽，是目前全國高校中規模最大的大學生課外科技活動。

　　優秀論文之MCM寫作技巧格式

　　摘要：

　　第一段：寫論文解決什么問題

　　1. 問題的重述

　　a. 介紹重點詞開頭：

　　例1：“Hand move” irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensive system used on small farms, consists of a movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main.

　　例2:……is a real-life common phenomenon with many complexities.

　　例3：An (effective plan) is crucial to………

　　b. 直接指出問題：

　　例 1：We find the optimal number of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars.

　　例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information technology security measures with the potential cost of attacks on its systems.

　　例3：We determine the number of sprinklers to use by analyzing the energy and motion of water in the pipe and examining the engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market.

　　例4: After mathematically analyzing the …… problem, ourmodeling group would like to present our conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the …….

　　例5：Our goal is... that (minimizes the time )……….

　　2. 解決這個問題的偉大意義

　　反面說明。如果沒有……

　　Without implementing defensive measure, the university is exposed to an expected loss of $8.9 million per year.

　　3. 總的解決概述

　　a.通過什么方法解決什么問題

　　例：We address the problem of optimizing amusement park enjoyment through distributing Quick Passes (QP), reservation slips that ideally allow an individual to spend less time waiting in line.

　　b.實際問題轉化為數學模型

　　例1 We formulate the problem as a network flow in which vertices are the locations of escorts and wheelchair passengers.

　　例2 : A naïve strategy would be to employ the minimum number of escorts to guarantee that all passengers reach their gates on time.

　　c.將問題分階段考慮

　　例3：We divide the jump into three phases: flying through the air, punching through the stack, and landing on the ground.

　　第二、三段：具體分析

　　1.在什么模型中/ 建立了什么模型

　　a. 主流模型

　　例1：We formulate a differential model to account for the rates of change of these uses, and how this change would affect the overall consumption of water within the studied region.

　　例2:We examined the mathematical effects of…….We developed a detailed …… (simulation methodology)to test our ideas and to quantify the differences between (among) different…… (strategies).

　　例3：Based on (write your basis .such as the theory of supply and demand), we establish a model (such as differential equation system that includes demand, supply).

　　例4：To (write the aims), we establish a criterion (write the criterion).

　　b. 模型非主流

　　例5：We build a model to determine how to lay out the pipe each time the equipment is moved.

　　例6：We determine …………

　　例7：We build a model to determine……….

　　例8：We formulate a model for………By analyzing …and examining…..

　　2.分析模型(使用什么數據，怎么做，一般三句話)

　　a. 寫歷史數據

　　例1：Using historical data from the United States, we determine initial conditions for our model.

　　b. 寫計算機模擬

　　例1：this model leads to a computer simulation of catch-can tests of the irrigation system and ……

　　例2:Software packing reaches………by calculating and comparing………..

　　c. 運用數據模擬

　　例1：to ground this model in reality, we incorporate extensive demographic data and run……

　　例2：We fit the modified model to data (such as 1970-2003.). We conclude that (write the last conclude).

　　d. 講詳細分析

　　例1：We physically characterize the system that…

　　例2：We provide a strategy (write the logical strategy).

　　例3：The …model is (efficient, intuitive, and flexible) and could be applied to…

　　例4：To meet the needs of people today without, we establish a criterion of rational(合理的標準) oil allocation(分配).

　　3.總結該模型的結果/得到什么結論

　　a. 說明不是最優但能產生作用

　　例：We show that this strategy is not optimal but can be improved by assigning different numbers……

　　b. 說明如果用這個模型，結果如何

　　例1：If Delta Airlines were to utilize the naïve strategy at Atlanta International Airport, the cost would be ……

　　例2：We modify the model to reflect (some trend such as exponentially increasing……) andgeneralize the model to (other field).

　　例3：Our results are summarized in the formula for the optimal number Bof tollbooths for

　　c.通過其上情況的列舉得到的結論

　　例：For various situations, we propose an optimal solution.

　　d. 得出了結論

　　例1：we elicit that a conclusion.

　　例2：We conclude with a series of recommendations for how best to…

　　e.進一步說明其他因素對模型的影響

　　例：In addition to the model, we also discuss policies for …..

　　f.用真實數據檢驗模型

　　例:To demonstrate how our model works, we apply it to ………..

　　最后一段：寫總的結論

　　a. 說明結論的可行性

　　例：Our suggested solution, which is easy to implement, includes a detailed timetable and the arrangement of pipes.

　　b.說明算法的廣泛性

　　例1：Our algorithm is broad enough to accommodate various airport concourses, flight schedules, and flight delays.

　　例2：Our analysis began by determining what factor impact……,Our conclusions are presented……

　　c.說明模型可用于其他領域

　　例：Since our model is based on…… it can be applied to (other domain).

　　其他(承上啟下的'連接詞/常用詞組)

　　例:In addition to the model, we also discuss……

　　引言部分

　　(1)回顧研究背景，常用詞匯有review, summarize, present, outline, describe等

　　(2)說明寫作目的，常用詞匯有purpose, attempt, aim等，另外還可以用動詞不定式充當目的狀語來表達

　　(3)介紹論文的重點內容或研究范圍，常用詞匯有study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等

　　方法部分

　　(1)介紹研究或試驗過程，常用詞匯有test study, investigate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis等

　　(2)說明研究或試驗方法，常用詞匯有measure, estimate, calculate等

　　(3)介紹應用、用途，常用詞匯有等

　　結果部分

　　(1)展示研究結果，常用詞匯有show, result, present等

　　(2)介紹結論，常用詞匯有summary, introduce, conclude等

　　討論部分

　　(1)陳述論文的論點和作者的觀點，常用詞匯有suggest, repot, present, expect, describe等

　　(2)說明論證，常用詞匯有等support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify

　　(3)推薦和建議，常用詞匯有suggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose,necessity, necessary, expect等。

　　摘要中常用的詞語匯：

　　critical 至關重要的

　　algorithm 運算法則

　　a method of evaluating 評價方法

　　appropriate 近似的

　　consider 考慮

　　configurations 布局

　　optimal 統一的

　　maximize 使…最大化

　　strategy 策略

　　parameter 參數，主要的決定因素

　　accuracy 精確性

　　strengths and weaknesses 優點和缺點

　　contact 相關的

　　contract 建立，構造

　　calculate 計算

　　establish 建立

　　formula 公式

　　modify 改進

　　rational 合理的

　　countermeasure 對策

　　criterion 標準，準則

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