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適合練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的短文選擇
除了學(xué)生是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的主力軍外，越來(lái)越多的職場(chǎng)人士為了提高自己的職場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力也學(xué)起了英語(yǔ)。作為已經(jīng)參加工作的成人，除了工作時(shí)間就沒(méi)有太多富于時(shí)間去學(xué)習(xí)了，更何況，精力難以集中、記憶力下降，都成為學(xué)習(xí)上的障礙。成人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)最大的用處就是交流，交流最重要的就是口語(yǔ)的練習(xí)，如果把學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的精力主要集中在背誦和朗讀文章上，就可以很快的提高口語(yǔ)，那么有哪些適合練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的短文呢?
首先，在選擇教材的時(shí)候，一定要選擇正版的原文教材。
市面上英語(yǔ)教材眾多，有很多都是國(guó)內(nèi)出版社出品，不是說(shuō)內(nèi)容上會(huì)有什么錯(cuò)誤，而是說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)方法和學(xué)習(xí)思維上的不同。原文教材是西方人按自己的思維模式編纂的，更能代表英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)方式，所以在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，盡量選擇那些原文教材，可以更容易學(xué)習(xí)到接近西方的表達(dá)方式。在學(xué)習(xí)之初，可以選擇一些較為簡(jiǎn)單的，適合英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)鍛煉的短文進(jìn)行朗讀背誦，用以提高口語(yǔ)的表達(dá)水平。
其次，選擇知名演講資料。
有很多的著名演講稿都是練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的最佳短文，由于演講稿比較口語(yǔ)化，而且句式都比較簡(jiǎn)短，更適合于口語(yǔ)表達(dá)。演講稿的另一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是：涉及了當(dāng)下的新聞和時(shí)事內(nèi)容，能更容易了解西方的社會(huì)動(dòng)態(tài)，提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣。演講也是一種藝術(shù)活動(dòng)，演講內(nèi)容中的詞匯音節(jié)都講究搭配，還會(huì)用到一些習(xí)語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)等，可以增加演講的生動(dòng)性。演講的口音是最值得學(xué)習(xí)的，表達(dá)語(yǔ)氣和表達(dá)方式都很重要，語(yǔ)氣都很自然，更容易縮短與聽(tīng)眾之間交流的距離，所以，在練習(xí)口語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，演講稿不失為最佳的練習(xí)材料。
再次，閱讀名著簡(jiǎn)版。
很多的世界名著都有精簡(jiǎn)版，選擇一些自己喜歡的著作，可以當(dāng)做英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)練習(xí)的短文來(lái)背誦。可以先對(duì)照漢語(yǔ)翻譯熟悉一下著作內(nèi)容，然后進(jìn)行大聲朗讀，之后可以分析每個(gè)句子的意思，進(jìn)行英漢互譯，可以很快速的提高英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的水平。剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，要選擇比較簡(jiǎn)單的文章，大量去練習(xí)，最初的時(shí)候可能耗時(shí)比較多，堅(jiān)持下去，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一個(gè)提速的過(guò)程，最后會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)口語(yǔ)和聽(tīng)力的反應(yīng)速度都快了很多。
練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的短文資料很多，在選擇的時(shí)候要選擇適合自己能力之內(nèi)的，一些幽默的小故事或者小小說(shuō)都可以促使我們提起興趣堅(jiān)持下去。利用英語(yǔ)短文來(lái)鍛煉英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)還可以幫助我們復(fù)習(xí)單詞，熟悉語(yǔ)法，還能提高翻譯水平，可以說(shuō)朗讀和背誦是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)最好的方法。
范例：時(shí)間機(jī)器Time Machine
The Time Machine is a novel by H. G. Wells, first published in 1895 and later directly adapted into at least two theatrical films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It indirectly inspired many more works of fiction in all media. This 38,000 word novella is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally used to refer to such a vehicle. It was also inspired by Charles Darwin and On the Origin of Species, showing us humans that have evolved into different species. Wells introduces an early example of the Dying Earth subgenre as well.
The book's protagonist is an amateur inventor or scientist living in London who is never named; he is identified simply as The Time Traveller. Having demonstrated to friends using a miniature model that time is a fourth dimension, and that a suitable apparatus can move back and forth in this fourth dimension, he builds a full-scale model capable of carrying himself. He sets off on a journey into the future.
The Time Traveller details the experience of time travel and the evolution of his surroundings as he moves through time. While travelling through time, his machine allows him to observe the changes of the outside world in fast motion. He observes the sun and moon traversing the sky and the changes to the buildings and landscape around him as he travels through time. His machine produces a sense of disorientation to its occupant, and a blurring or faintness of the surroundings outside the machine.
His journey takes him to the year A.D. 802,701, where he finds an apparently peaceful, pastoral, communist,[1] future filled with happy, simple humans who call themselves the Eloi. The Eloi are about four feet tall (~122 cm), pink-skinned and frail-looking, with curly hair, small ears and mouths and large eyes. Males and females seem to be quite similar in build and appearance. They have high-pitched, soft voices and speak an unknown language. They appear to be quite unintelligent and child-like and live without quarrels or conflict.
Soon after his arrival he rescues Weena, a female Eloi he finds drowning in a river. Much to his surprise she is grateful to him and insists on following him.
The Eloi live in small communities within large and futuristic yet dilapidated buildings, doing no work and eating a frugivorous diet. The land around London has become a sort of untended garden filled with unusual fruiting and flowering plants, and similarly strange yet collapsing buildings and other structures, all clearly no longer used, dotted around. There is no evidence of the implementation of agriculture or technology, of which the Eloi seem incapable.
The Time Traveller is greeted with curiosity and without fear by the Eloi, who seem only vaguely surprised and curious by his appearance and lose interest rapidly. He disables the time machine and follows them to their commune and consumes a meal of fruit while trying to communicate with them. This proves somewhat ineffectual, as their unknown language and low intelligence hinders the Time Traveller from gaining any useful information. With a slight sense of disdain for his hosts' lack of curiosity and attention to him, the Time Traveller decides to explore the local area.
As he explores this landscape, the Time Traveller comments on the factors that have resulted in the Eloi's physical condition and society. He supposes that the lack of intelligence and vitality of the Eloi are the logical result of humankind's past struggle to transform and subjugate nature through technology, politics, art and creativity. With the realisation of this goal, the Eloi had devolved.
With no further need for technology, agriculture, or innovations to improve life, they became unimaginative and incurious about the world. With no work to do, they became physically weak and small in stature. Males, generally being breadwinners and workers in former times, have particularly degenerated in physique, explaining the lack of dimorphism between the sexes. The Time Traveller supposes that preventive medicine has been achieved, as he saw no sign of disease amongst his hosts. With no work to do and no hardships to overcome, society became non-hierarchical and non-cooperative, with no defined leaders or social classes.
The fact that there was no hardship or inequalities in societies meant there was no war and crime. Art and sophisticated culture, often driven by problems and aspirations or a catalyst for solutions and new developments, had waned, as no problems existed and there were no conceivable improvements for humanity. He accounted for their relatively small numbers as being due to the implementation of some form of birth control to eliminate the problems of overpopulation. The abandoned structures around him would suggest that prior to these achievements, the population had been larger and more productive, toiling to find the solution that would make the new utopia a reality.
As the sun sets, the Time Traveller muses on where he will sleep. Retracing his steps back to the building where he had eaten with the Eloi, he suddenly realizes that the time machine is missing. He panics and desperately searches for the vehicle. At first, he suspects that the Eloi have moved it to their shelter. He doubts the Eloi would be capable or inclined to do this, but nonetheless rushes back to the shelter and demands to know where his machine is. The Eloi are confused and a little frightened by this. Realising the Eloi don't understand him and he is damaging his position with them, he continues his search in desperation during the night before relenting and falling into an uneasy sleep.
The Utopian existence of the Eloi turns out to be deceptive. The Traveller soon discovers that the class structure of his own time has in fact persisted, and the human race has diverged into two branches. The wealthy, leisured classes appear to have devolved into the ineffectual, not very bright Eloi he has already seen; but the downtrodden working classes have evolved into the bestial Morlocks, cannibal hominids resembling human spiders, who toil underground maintaining the machinery that keep the Eloi — their flocks — docile and plentiful. Both species, having adapted to their routines, are of distinctly sub-human intelligence.
After further adventures, the Traveller manages to get to his machine, reactivate it as the Morlocks battle him for it, and escape them. He then travels into the far future, roughly 30 million years from his own time.
There he sees the last few living things on a dying Earth, the rotation of which has ceased with the site of London viewing a baleful, red sun stuck at the setting position. In his trip forward, he had seen the red sun flare up brightly twice, as if Mercury and then Venus had fallen into it. Menacing reddish crab-like creatures slowly wander the blood-red beaches, and the world is covered in "intensely green vegetation." He continues to make short jumps through time, seeing the red giant of a sun grow redder and dimmer. Finally, the world begins to go dark as snowflakes begin to fall, and all silence falls upon Earth. In the very end of the Earth, all life has ceased, other than the lichens that still grow on rocks, and a kraken-like creature, roughly the size of a football, that slowly moves onto shore.
Feeling giddy and nauseated about the return journey before him, he nevertheless boards his machine and puts it into reverse, arriving back in his laboratory just three hours after he originally left. Entering the dining room, he begins recounting what has just happened to his disbelieving friends and associates, bringing the story back full circle to his entrance in chapter 2. The following day, the unnamed narrator returns to the Time Traveller's house. There, he finds the Time Traveller ready to leave again, this time taking a small knapsack and a camera. Although he promises the narrator he will return in half an hour, three years pass and the Time Traveller still remains missing. What happened to him, and where he ultimately ventured, remains a mystery.
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